different types of Ingradients in cement

-
- the following type of ingradients are mixed to manufacture
  of cement.

1. Lime -
   -Lime provides strength and soundness to the cement.
   -Lime is also called as 'calcium oxide' and is obtained from 
    limestone(CaCo3)
   -if lime is in excess quantity then cement makes unsound 
    disintegration of cement.
   -if it is in low quantity then low strength are recorded.

Lime powder
2. Silica(sio2)-(17-25%)-
   - silica is also called as silicon dioxide and is obtained from 
     silicious rock.
- silica also provides strength to the cement , if it is in excess 
  then setting time and strength of cement is more.

               
silica fume
3. Alumina(Al2o3)-(3-8%)-
-  Alumina is the quick setting property of cement and is 
   obtained from aluminium ores.
-  if alumina is in excess then cement sets quickly and also 
   reduced it's strength.
Alumina
4. Iron oxide(3-5% , <5%)-
-  It provides strength, hardness and colour (brownish) to the
   cement.
-  it also helps to fuse silica in presence of lime at the time of
   burning and provides strength.
iron oxide
5. zypsum (3-5%)-
-  zypsum is also called as calcium sulphate and works as a 
   retarder.
-  zypsum is added with the cement clinkers and it increases
   the setting time of cement.
-  in case of summer region , zypsum is added more quantity.
 

zypsum powder
6. Magnesia (1-3%) -
-  magnesia is also called as magnesium oxides.
-  magnesia also provides strength , hardness and colour 
   (yellowish) to the cement.
-  if it is in excess the cement makes unsound and reduction 
   in strength.
magnesia

7. Sulphur (1-3%) - 
-  sulphur is added to cement to make it sound, we know due 
   to improper mixing of ingradients . cement makes unsound.
sulphur
8. Alkalis (0.1-1%)-
-  alkali is like potas and soda, which are present in cement.
- in any case its value should not be more than 1%, otherwise
  alkali-aggregate reaction, effloroscence or etc. effect comes 
  in cement.
alkali-aggregate reaction


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